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Updated: Aug 9, 2026

Renal Capsule Xenografting and Subcutaneous Pellet Implantation for the Evaluation of Prostate Carcinogenesis and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Published on: August 28, 2013
Cadmium-induced malignant transformation of human prostate epithelial cells
W E Achanzar1, B A Diwan, J Liu
1Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
Abstract:
Prostate cancer has become epidemic, and environmental factors such as cadmium may be partly responsible. This study reports malignant transformation of the nontumorigenic human prostatic epithelial cell line RWPE-1 by in vitro cadmium exposure. The cadmium-transformed cells exhibited a loss of contact inhibition in vitro and rapidly formed highly invasive and occasionally metastatic adenocarcinomas upon inoculation into mice. The transformed cells also showed increased secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9, a phenomenon observed in human prostate tumors and linked to aggressive behavior. Cadmium-induced malignant transformation of human prostate epithelial cells strongly fortifies the evidence for a potential role of cadmium in prostate cancer.
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