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Aging-related growth hormone (GH) decrease is a selective hypothalamic GH-releasing hormone pulse amplitude mediated

M Russell-Aulet1, E V Dimaraki, C A Jaffe

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System and Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, USA.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
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Aging significantly reduces growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels due to decreased pulse amplitude, independent of body mass. This decline impacts both sexes, affecting GH secretion patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Aging Research
  • Neuroendocrinology

Background:

  • Aging is associated with decreased growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels.
  • Previous studies were limited by imprecise GH measurements and confounding factors like body composition and hormonal changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of aging per se on GH pulsatility.
  • To differentiate age-related changes from other factors influencing GH levels.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated GH pulsatility in young and elderly subjects matched for body mass index.
  • Collected blood samples every 10 minutes for 24 hours.
  • Measured plasma GH using a sensitive chemiluminescent assay and analyzed pulsatility with cluster analysis.

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Main Results:

  • Elderly subjects showed significantly lower plasma IGF-I and integrated GH concentrations compared to younger counterparts.
  • The age-related decrease in GH was attributed to reduced GH pulse amplitude, not frequency.
  • Younger individuals predominantly peaked GH during 'lights off,' while elderly subjects peaked during 'lights on' (p = .01).

Conclusions:

  • Aging leads to substantial reductions in GH output and plasma IGF-I in both sexes.
  • These GH changes are independent of body mass index alterations.
  • The diminished GH secretion in aging is primarily due to decreased GH and likely GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) pulse amplitude.