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Updated: Aug 12, 2026
09:02
A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
Published on: February 2, 2021
Adenosine and hemodialysis in humans
1UMR CNRS 6560, Faculté de Médecine, Secteur Nord, Bd P. Dramard, 13015 Marseille, France. guieu.r@jean-roche.univ-mrs.fr
Summary
Hemodialysis (HD) patients exhibit increased adenosine (ADO) and decreased mononuclear cell adenosine deaminase (MCADA) activity. This imbalance may contribute to immune dysfunction and infections in patients undergoing dialysis.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Nephrology
Background:
- Infections and hypotension are significant complications during hemodialysis (HD).
- Adenosine (ADO), a potent hypotensive and immunosuppressive agent, is implicated due to elevated metabolite concentrations in dialyzed plasma.
- ADO is rapidly metabolized to inosine (INO) by adenosine deaminase (ADA) and mononuclear cell adenosine deaminase (MCADA), and has a short half-life in blood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of adenosine (ADO) and its metabolites in hemodialysis complications.
- To evaluate plasma concentrations of ADO and inosine (INO) and the activities of ADA and MCADA in hemodialysis patients.
Main Methods:
- Liquid chromatography was used to measure ADO and INO plasma concentrations before and after HD sessions.
- Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and mononuclear cell adenosine deaminase (MCADA) activities were assessed.
- Red blood cell (RBC) ADO uptake was evaluated.
Main Results:
- Hemodialyzed patients had higher pre-HD plasma ADO and INO concentrations compared to controls and peritoneal dialysis patients.
- Plasma ADO concentration increased post-HD, while ADO RBC uptake remained unchanged.
- Pre-HD ADA activity was elevated in hemodialyzed patients and increased during the session; MCADA activity was significantly lower in hemodialyzed patients compared to controls.
- ADO demonstrated inhibition of mononuclear cell proliferation and interferon-gamma production.
Conclusions:
- Chronic hemodialysis is associated with inhibited MCADA activity and increased ADO plasma concentration.
- Elevated ADO levels and reduced MCADA activity may contribute to immune system failure in HD patients, increasing susceptibility to infections.
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