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Oxygen radical generation by emigrated, intra-abdominal, and circulating PMNLs during human secondary peritonitis
K Holzer1, A Richter, D Henrich
1Department of General Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
Abstract:
The purpose of the study was to characterize oxygen radical generation by emigrated, intraabdominal and circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (ePMNLs and cPMNLs) during peritonitis, as well as to assess any differences between oxygen radical production in patients with low Mannheim peritonitis index (MPI < 26, group 1) or high Mannheim peritonitis index (MPI > or = 26, group 2). Lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence was used to determine spontaneous and stimulated (FMLP, PMA, and A23 187) oxygen radical generation by ePMNLs and cPMNLs. In group 1 spontaneous and stimulated oxygen radical generation by emigrated PMNLs was markedly enhanced compared to circulating PMNLs (e.g., spontaneous oxygen radical generation: 30.3 +/- 11.8 cpm/cPMNLs versus 107 +/- 46 cpm/ePMNLs, P < 0.05) . In group 2 oxygen radical generation by cPMNLs markedly increased within 48 h after diagnosis of peritonitis and surgery, contrary to radical generation by ePMNLs (e.g., A23 187-stimulated oxygen radical generation 993.7 +/- 350 cpm/cPMNLs versus 285.6 +/- 77 cpm/ePMNLs, P < 0.05. In conclusion, cPMNLs and ePMNLs exhibit marked polymorphism in their capacity to generate oxygen radicals in response to secondary peritonitis. Severe peritonitis (MPI - 26) was associated with a strong increase in oxygen radical generation by cPMNLs without a parallel activity being manifest by ePMNLs.
Insights
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) show varied oxygen radical generation during peritonitis. Emigrated PMNLs produced more radicals in low severity cases, while circulating PMNLs increased radical production in severe peritonitis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cellular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Peritonitis is an inflammatory condition with significant morbidity and mortality.
- Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) play a crucial role in the inflammatory response.
- Oxygen radical generation by PMNLs is implicated in tissue damage during inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize oxygen radical generation by emigrated (ePMNLs) and circulating (cPMNLs) PMNLs during peritonitis.
- To compare oxygen radical production between patients with low (MPI < 26) and high (MPI ≥ 26) Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI).
Main Methods:
- Lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence was used to measure spontaneous and stimulated oxygen radical generation.
- Oxygen radical production was assessed in ePMNLs and cPMNLs from patients with varying peritonitis severity.
- Stimulants included FMLP, PMA, and A23 187.
Main Results:
- In low MPI patients (group 1), ePMNLs showed significantly higher spontaneous and stimulated oxygen radical generation than cPMNLs.
- In high MPI patients (group 2), cPMNLs exhibited a marked increase in oxygen radical generation within 48 hours post-diagnosis and surgery, unlike ePMNLs.
- A23 187-stimulated radical generation was significantly higher in cPMNLs compared to ePMNLs in group 2.
Conclusions:
- PMNLs display significant functional heterogeneity in oxygen radical generation during secondary peritonitis.
- Severe peritonitis (MPI ≥ 26) is associated with increased oxygen radical production by cPMNLs, but not ePMNLs.