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Steroidal contraception for men.

N N Sarkar1

  • 1Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansarinagar, New Delhi 110 029, India.

International Journal of Clinical Practice
|February 28, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Research into male steroidal contraceptives over 25 years shows reversible suppression of sperm production. Androgen-only options show promise, but further research is needed for an effective male contraceptive.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology
  • Men's Health

Background:

  • Male contraceptive development has focused on steroidal agents.
  • Previous research explored progestogen and androgen combinations.
  • Limited studies with small subject numbers characterized early development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development of male steroidal contraceptives over the past 25 years.
  • To analyze the efficacy and side effects of various steroidal formulations.
  • To assess the potential for future male contraceptive options.

Main Methods:

  • Review of numerous studies on male volunteers.
  • Analysis of oral and injectable steroid preparations (single or combined).
  • Evaluation of hormonal profiles (LH, FSH, testosterone) and sperm parameters (oligospermia, azoospermia).

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Main Results:

  • Steroidal contraceptives demonstrated reversible suppression of spermatogenesis.
  • Hormonal level alterations (LH, FSH, testosterone) were observed.
  • Reported side effects included libido changes and weight gain; no serious adverse events were noted.

Conclusions:

  • Steroidal male contraceptives can effectively suppress sperm production.
  • Androgen-only formulations, particularly testosterone esters, show promising results.
  • Further research is essential to develop a safe and reliable male steroidal contraceptive.