[Pathogenetic factors of destructive process in trabecular tissues in primary open-angle glaucoma]

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Cell Biology
• Biochemistry

Context:

• Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness.
• Schlemm's channel (SC) plays a crucial role in aqueous humor outflow.
• Dysfunction of the trabecular meshwork and SC is implicated in POAG pathogenesis.

Purpose:

• To investigate the ultrastructural and biochemical changes in the trabecular endothelium and collagen fibers of Schlemm's channel in patients with POAG.
• To correlate these changes with the stage of the disease.

Summary:

• Electron microscopy revealed progressive endothelial cell damage, dissociation, and collagen fiber degradation in Schlemm's channel posterior wall.
• Biochemical analysis showed increased lipid peroxides in aqueous humor and trabecular wall, and decreased glutathione levels, indicating elevated oxidative stress.
• These findings suggest a link between oxidative stress, structural damage in Schlemm's channel, and the progression of primary open-angle glaucoma.

Impact:

• Provides insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying POAG progression.
• Highlights the role of oxidative stress in trabecular meshwork damage.
• May inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting Schlemm's channel and oxidative stress in glaucoma management.