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A cohort study on mortality among dynamite workers.

C Hogstedt, K Andersson

Journal of Occupational Medicine. : Official Publication of the Industrial Medical Association

|August 1, 1979

Summary

Dynamite workers exposed to nitroglycerine and nitroglycol showed increased risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. This study urges precautions to reduce inhalation and skin exposure, supporting earlier findings on chronic vascular effects.

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Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Toxicology
Epidemiology

Background:

Nitroglycerine and nitroglycol exposure in explosives manufacturing is linked to sudden death and chronic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.
Previous studies suggested an elevated risk among dynamite workers.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the mortality experience of male workers in a Swedish dynamite industry.
To assess the association between dynamite manufacturing exposure and cardio-cerebrovascular disease mortality.

Main Methods:

A cohort study design was employed, comparing exposed workers to an unexposed group from the same industry.
National incidence rates for cause, sex, age, and calendar year were used to calculate expected deaths.
Mortality data from 1965-1977 were analyzed for workers with at least one year of exposure and a 20-year induction-latency period.

Main Results:

Nine deaths from cardio-cerebrovascular diseases were observed in the exposed group, versus 4.5 expected (p < 0.05).
The unexposed group exhibited a mortality pattern consistent with national averages.
Exposure routes included inhalation and dermal absorption.

Conclusions:

Findings support earlier reports of chronic vascular effects associated with dynamite manufacturing.
Increased risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases was observed in exposed workers.
Precautions to minimize inhalation and skin exposure are recommended.

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