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Intraneural monophasic synovial sarcoma: a case report.

M Zenmyo1, S Komiya, T Hamada

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan. mzen@med.kurume-u.ac.jp

Spine
|February 27, 2001
PubMed
Summary

This case report details a rare synovial sarcoma within the S1 nerve root, confirmed by detecting the SYT/SSX gene. This finding is crucial for distinguishing it from malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Neuropathology
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Synovial sarcoma originating in peripheral nerves is exceptionally rare, with only five prior cases reported.
  • This case represents the first instance of synovial sarcoma involving a nerve root.

Observation:

  • A tumor was identified within the S1 nerve root using advanced imaging (CT, MRI) and intraoperative findings.
  • Histological examination initially suggested a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.

Findings:

  • Cytological analysis and molecular assays, including reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), confirmed the tumor as synovial sarcoma.
  • The presence of the chimeric SYT/SSX gene was definitive in diagnosing this rare intraneural tumor.

Implications:

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  • Accurate diagnosis of intraneural synovial sarcoma is critical and requires differentiation from malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.
  • Molecular detection of the SYT/SSX fusion gene is a valuable tool for definitively diagnosing monophasic synovial sarcoma.