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Structural genes adjacent to interspersed repetitive DNA sequences.

E H Davidson, B R Hough, W H Klein

|March 1, 1975

Summary

Sea urchin DNA contains single-copy genes adjacent to repetitive sequences. Most messenger RNA (mRNA) in embryos is transcribed from these gene regions, indicating their importance in development.

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genomics
Developmental Biology

Background:

Animal DNA features interspersed repetitive and single-copy sequences.
Repetitive sequences are hypothesized to be adjacent to single-copy structural genes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the genomic organization of sea urchin DNA.
To determine if single-copy DNA sequences are located next to interspersed repetitive sequences.
To identify the transcriptional origin of sea urchin embryonic mRNA.

Main Methods:

Sea urchin DNA was fractionated using hydroxyapatite to isolate repeat-contiguous DNA.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) was isolated from sea urchin gastrula.
DNA-driven hybridization reactions were performed using labeled mRNA and DNA fractions.

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Main Results:

Single-copy DNA adjacent to repetitive sequences constituted about one-third of the nonrepetitive genome.
mRNA hybridization kinetics with repeat-contiguous DNA were similar to whole DNA.
80-100% of hybridizable mRNA molecules reacted with the repeat-contiguous DNA fraction.

Conclusions:

Sea urchin embryonic mRNA is predominantly transcribed from single-copy DNA sequences.
These transcribed sequences are located adjacent to interspersed repetitive elements in the genome.
This arrangement suggests a functional relationship between repetitive elements and gene expression in development.