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Compulsive spitting--a culture bound symptom.

M S Bhatia1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences, Dilshad Garden, Delhi-110 095.

Indian Journal of Medical Sciences
|March 3, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Compulsive spitting, a novel culture-bound syndrome, was identified in 26 cases. This symptom was associated with various psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Cultural Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Culture-bound syndromes represent culturally specific expressions of distress.
  • Compulsive spitting has not been previously documented in scientific literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report and characterize compulsive spitting as a potential culture-bound symptom.
  • To explore the psychiatric associations of this novel symptom.

Main Methods:

  • Case series describing 26 individuals presenting with compulsive spitting.
  • Review of psychiatric diagnoses associated with the symptom.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-six cases of compulsive spitting were identified.
  • Associated diagnoses included schizophrenia (8 cases), mania (5 cases), depression (4 cases), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (4 cases), tic disorder (3 cases), and seizure disorder (2 cases).

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Conclusions:

  • Compulsive spitting may represent a distinct culture-bound syndrome.
  • Further research is needed to investigate culture-bound symptoms in India and globally.