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Published on: August 11, 2008
Tuberculosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
C Balakrishnan1, G Mangat, G Mittal
1Rheumatology Unit, PD Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Veer Savarkar Marg, Mahim, Mumbai-400 016.
The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|March 7, 2001
Summary
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) at 11.6%. Active SLE and significant steroid use were common among these patients, highlighting the need for vigilance.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with complex presentations.
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health concern, particularly in immunocompromised populations.
- The interplay between SLE and TB requires careful investigation due to shared risk factors and overlapping symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
- To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of SLE patients who developed TB.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 146 SLE patients over a 5-year period.
- Identification and characterization of patients diagnosed with TB.
- Review of SLE disease activity, duration, and immunosuppressive therapy (steroids).
Main Results:
- A prevalence of 11.6% for TB was found among SLE patients (17 out of 146).
- Most TB cases were pulmonary, including miliary TB, non-miliary infiltrates, and pleural effusion.
- Patients often had active SLE (disease activity score >5) and a history of prolonged steroid treatment.
Conclusions:
- Tuberculosis is a significant comorbidity in SLE patients, necessitating increased screening and awareness.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment of TB are crucial in SLE patients, although challenges like diagnostic delays exist.
- Prophylactic measures, such as isoniazid, were underutilized in this cohort, indicating a potential area for improved patient management.
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