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Goblet cell carcinoids of the appendix: immunophenotype and ultrastructural study
R Kanthan1, A Saxena, S C Kanthan
1Department of Pathology, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saakatoon, Canada.
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
|March 7, 2001
Summary
Goblet cell carcinoids of the appendix are rare, invasive tumors with uncertain behavior. They show high proliferation and cell cycle dysregulation, necessitating complete surgical removal due to recurrence and metastasis risks.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Goblet cell carcinoids (GCCs) of the appendix are rare neoplasms.
- Their biological behavior and histogenesis remain uncertain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the immunophenotype of GCCs using cell cycle and proliferation markers.
- To investigate the histogenesis of GCCs through ultrastructural analysis.
- To compare GCCs with conventional carcinoids of the appendix.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical data and pathological materials of 7 GCCs (1970-1998).
- Evaluation using light microscopy, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy.
- Analysis of cell cycle and proliferation markers, including p53, cyclin D1, p21, and p16.
Main Results:
- GCCs showed widespread infiltration and perineural invasion.
- Cells were positive for mucin stains, cytokeratin, carcinoembryonic antigen, and synaptophysin.
- Increased cell proliferation and cell cycle marker expression were observed, with specific up/down-regulation patterns.
Conclusions:
- GCCs originate from pluripotent cells with neuroendocrine and mucinous differentiation.
- These tumors are widely invasive with high proliferation rates and cell cycle dysregulation.
- Complete tumor removal is recommended due to unpredictable behavior, including recurrences and metastases.