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Intuitions, principles and consequences.

A B Shaw

    Journal of Medical Ethics
    |March 10, 2001
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study explores methods for assessing moral intuitions, using controlled trials and casuistic reasoning. It highlights how consequences often inform or modify ethical principles, even those based on a priori reasoning.

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    Area of Science:

    • Moral philosophy
    • Ethical decision-making
    • Cognitive science

    Background:

    • Assessing moral intuitions is complex due to confounding factors.
    • Existing methods may not fully clarify an individual's true moral stance.
    • Reconciling conflicting ethical principles, such as utilitarianism and justice, presents a significant challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To discuss and evaluate various approaches for assessing moral intuitions.
    • To clarify the role of controlled ethical trials in isolating moral judgments.
    • To explore methods for resolving conflicts between competing moral principles.

    Main Methods:

    • Controlled ethical trials to isolate specific moral issues.
    • Casuistic reasoning, drawing principles from clear intuitive cases.
    Keywords:
    Bioethics and Professional Ethics

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Testing principles through extreme or counterintuitive scenarios.
  • Analyzing the interplay between a priori principles and consequentialist considerations.

    • Main Results:

    • Controlled trials effectively isolate moral intuitions from extraneous influences.
    • Casuistic reasoning aids in refining or establishing ethical principles.
    • Extreme cases can reveal counterintuitive implications of principles.
    • Consequentialist reasoning is often employed to modify or support ethical principles, even a priori ones.

    Conclusions:

    • A combination of controlled trials and casuistic reasoning offers robust methods for assessing moral intuitions.
    • Ethical principles, whether derived from intuition or a priori, are frequently adjusted based on the consideration of consequences.
    • Understanding the role of consequences is crucial for resolving conflicts between moral principles like utilitarianism and justice.