[Diagnostic evaluation of dyspnea]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Pulmonology
• General Practice

Background:

• Dyspnea is a frequent symptom with varied etiologies, ranging from benign to life-threatening.
• Cardiac and pulmonary conditions are primary drivers of dyspnea.
• The general practitioner (GP) is crucial for initial assessment and management.

Observation:

• A thorough patient history and physical examination are crucial for accurate diagnosis or suspicion of underlying causes.
• Prompt recognition and intervention are vital, especially in cases with potential for mortality.
• GPs are frequently involved in the long-term follow-up of patients experiencing dyspnea.

Findings:

• This article provides diagnostic clues for identifying the causes of dyspnea.
• It outlines indications for hospitalization based on the severity and suspected etiology.
• Key strategies for effective long-term patient follow-up are discussed.

Implications:

• Early and accurate diagnosis by GPs can significantly improve patient outcomes.
• Understanding when to escalate care through hospitalization is critical for managing severe dyspnea.
• Effective follow-up protocols ensure comprehensive management and monitoring of dyspnea patients.