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Endocarditis due to Actinomyces viscosus.

J S Mardis1, W J Many

  • 1University of Alabama School of Medicine, Montgomery Internal Medicine Residency Program, 36116, USA.

Southern Medical Journal
|March 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Actinomyces viscosus endocarditis is rare, often affecting males and native valves, with a high risk of embolization. Long-term penicillin therapy is effective for this curable infection.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Actinomycotic endocarditis, particularly caused by Actinomyces viscosus, is an uncommon but serious infection.
  • Previous reviews of actinomycotic endocarditis were published in 1993, necessitating an update with recent cases.

Observation:

  • A case of endocarditis caused by Actinomyces viscosus in a previously healthy young adult is presented.
  • This species is an infrequent cause of infective endocarditis, with only two prior reports identified.

Findings:

  • Actinomycotic endocarditis affects a wide age range, predominantly males, and has a high propensity for systemic embolization.
  • All reported cases, including this one, have involved native heart valves, not prosthetic ones.
  • The condition presents with typical infective endocarditis symptoms and is treatable with prolonged penicillin therapy.

Implications:

  • Echocardiography plays a crucial role in diagnosing endocarditis.
  • Improving microbiologic diagnostic techniques is essential for identifying causative agents like Actinomyces.
  • Current indications for surgical intervention in endocarditis cases are discussed, highlighting a conservative approach when possible.

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