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Atypical antipsychotics and hyperglycaemia.

S Mir1, D Taylor

  • 1Pharmacy Department, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK.

International Clinical Psychopharmacology
|March 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Atypical antipsychotics like clozapine and olanzapine can cause hyperglycemia, a serious side effect. Monitoring blood glucose is crucial for patients on these medications, especially those with risk factors.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Endocrinology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Hyperglycemia is a known side effect of some neuroleptics.
  • Atypical antipsychotics, particularly clozapine and olanzapine, have been increasingly associated with hyperglycemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between atypical antipsychotics and hyperglycemia.
  • To review published literature on drug-induced hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted using Medline and Embase databases.
  • Searches covered published literature from 1970 to June 2000.

Main Results:

  • Clozapine was widely reported to cause hyperglycemia, with 30.5% of patients developing Type 2 diabetes in one study.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Olanzapine was associated with 10 cases of hyperglycemia and 5 of ketoacidosis.
  • Hyperglycemia reports for other atypical antipsychotics were scarce.

    • Conclusions:

    • The association between hyperglycemia/ketoacidosis and clozapine/olanzapine appears to be a genuine drug-induced effect.
    • Potential risk factors include male gender, age around 40, and non-Caucasian ethnicity.
    • Blood glucose monitoring is essential for patients initiating clozapine or olanzapine.