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The fetal gallbladder: morphology and morphometry by microdissection.

M R Haffajee1

  • 1Department of Anatomy, University of Durban-Westville, P.O. Box X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa. rashidh@pixie.udw.ac.za

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA
|March 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary

This study used microdissection to detail fetal gallbladder development, revealing size increases and positional changes from 10 to 36 weeks gestational age. Findings align with ultrasonography, providing a detailed view of fetal gallbladder morphology and morphometry.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Embryology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Fetal gallbladder studies predominantly rely on ultrasonography for identification and gallstone detection.
  • Previous research lacks detailed examination of the fetal gallbladder's physical structure and internal characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the morphology and morphometry of the fetal gallbladder through microdissection.
  • To examine the internal features and contents of the fetal gallbladder across different gestational ages.

Main Methods:

  • Microdissection of 89 formalin-embalmed fetuses (10-36 weeks gestational age).
  • In-situ examination of the gallbladder's position relative to liver structures and the umbilical vein.
  • Excision and detailed measurement of gallbladder dimensions and internal examination of lumen and content.

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Main Results:

  • Fetal gallbladder length increased curvilinearly from 2.21 mm (10 weeks) to 281.6 mm (32 weeks gestational age).
  • Gallbladder dimensions (fundal diameter, infundibular width, anteroposterior diameter) showed consistent growth.
  • Observed a descent from an intra-hepatic to a sub-hepatic position, with wall thickening and debris in early stages, and bile maturation by 20 weeks gestational age.

Conclusions:

  • Microdissection provides detailed morphological and morphometric data of the fetal gallbladder, complementing ultrasonographic findings.
  • The study documents key developmental changes in fetal gallbladder size, position, wall structure, and bile composition.
  • Findings offer a comprehensive understanding of normal fetal gallbladder development.