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DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

Genome Annotation and Assembly

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.

Genomics

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

DNA Microarrays: Sample Quality Control, Array Hybridization and Scanning

DNA Microarrays: Sample Quality Control, Array Hybridization and Scanning

Published on: March 15, 2011

Experimental annotation of the human genome using microarray technology.

D D Shoemaker¹, E E Schadt, C D Armour

¹Rosetta Inpharmatics, Inc., Kirkland, Washington 98034, USA.

|March 10, 2001

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Experimental validation is crucial for accurate genome annotation. New array-based methods refine gene predictions and identify mRNA splice variants across various conditions.

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Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

DNA Microarrays: Sample Quality Control, Array Hybridization and Scanning

DNA Microarrays: Sample Quality Control, Array Hybridization and Scanning

Published on: March 15, 2011

Global Gene Expression Analysis Using a Zebrafish Oligonucleotide Microarray Platform

Global Gene Expression Analysis Using a Zebrafish Oligonucleotide Microarray Platform

Published on: August 10, 2009

Technical Demonstration of Whole Genome Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization

Technical Demonstration of Whole Genome Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization

Published on: August 6, 2008

Area of Science:

Genomics
Molecular Biology
Bioinformatics

Background:

Genome sequencing yields a gene catalogue, but computational annotation alone is insufficient.
Experimental validation is essential for a complete and accurate gene and product inventory.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and apply experimental methods for validating and refining computational gene predictions.
To define full-length transcripts and identify mRNA splice variants.
To determine tissue- and disease-specific gene expression patterns.

Main Methods:

Utilized exon and tiling arrays fabricated by ink-jet oligonucleotide synthesis.
Applied co-regulated expression of exons to define full-length transcripts.
Tested the technique on human chromosome 22q under 69 conditions and the entire human genome under two conditions.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a method for experimental genome-scale validation of gene predictions.
Enabled detection of mRNA splice variants and tissue/disease-specific gene expression.
Provided more accurate gene counts and transcript definitions.

Conclusions:

Experimental validation significantly enhances genome annotation accuracy and reliability.
The developed methods improve complementary DNA cloning strategies.
The approach has potential applications in studying complex diseases.