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Related Concept Videos

Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...
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Genome-wide scan of obesity in the Old Order Amish.

W C Hsueh1, B D Mitchell, J L Schneider

  • 1Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas 78245, USA.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
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PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified potential genetic links to obesity in the Amish population. Genome-wide scans revealed modest evidence for linkage on several chromosomes, suggesting new regions for obesity gene discovery.

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Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies (Mo-GWAS): Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization

Published on: July 27, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Obesity Research
  • Human Population Studies

Background:

  • Obesity is a complex trait influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
  • Identifying specific genetic determinants is crucial for understanding obesity pathogenesis.
  • The Amish population offers a unique genetic isolate for linkage studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genetic factors contributing to typical obesity.
  • To perform a genome-wide scan for obesity-related traits in the Amish.
  • To investigate linkage of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body fat percentage, and leptin levels to genetic markers.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide scan using multipoint linkage analysis.
  • Variance components procedure applied to obesity-related phenotypes.
  • Genotyping of 672 individuals across 357 markers on 22 autosomes.
  • Analysis of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body fat percentage, and serum leptin concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Modest evidence for linkage was observed on chromosomes 3p, 14q, and 16p for various obesity traits.
  • Suggestive linkage signals for BMI-adjusted leptin concentrations were found on chromosomes 10p, 7q, and 14q.
  • Linkage signals on chromosome 10p were near previously reported Caucasian obesity loci.
  • Some identified regions are near known obesity candidate genes or previously reported linkage sites.

Conclusions:

  • The study identified several chromosomal regions with modest to suggestive evidence of linkage to obesity-related traits in the Amish.
  • These findings highlight potential novel genetic determinants of obesity.
  • Further investigation of these linkage signals, particularly those near known genes or previously reported loci, is warranted.