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Related Experiment Videos

RNA trafficking signals in human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

A J Mouland1, H Xu, H Cui

  • 1Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Molecular and Cellular Biology
|March 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA uses specific elements (A2REs) to bind hnRNP A2 protein for intracellular transport. This RNA trafficking pathway is crucial for targeting HIV-1 gene expression within infected cells.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Intracellular trafficking of viral RNAs can direct viral gene expression.
  • The hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE) mediates RNA transport via hnRNP A2 binding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if HIV-1 RNA contains functional A2REs for intracellular trafficking.
  • To determine the role of these elements in HIV-1 RNA transport and gene expression targeting.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro binding assays to test hnRNP A2 interaction with HIV-1 RNA sequences.
  • In vivo RNA transport studies in oligodendrocytes using modified HIV-1 RNAs.
  • Analysis of RNA trafficking granules and dependence on microtubules and hnRNP A2.

Main Results:

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  • HIV-1 genome possesses two functional A2REs (A2RE-1 and A2RE-2) that bind hnRNP A2.
  • These A2REs are necessary and sufficient for RNA transport in oligodendrocytes.
  • Mutations in A2REs impair hnRNP A2 binding and RNA transport.
  • HIV-1 RNAs containing A2REs coassemble and are cotransported in trafficking granules.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-1 utilizes an A2RE/hnRNP A2-mediated pathway for intracellular RNA trafficking.
  • This pathway is microtubule and hnRNP A2 dependent.
  • RNA trafficking likely plays a significant role in targeting HIV-1 gene expression.