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Age-related changes in spatial and temporal gait variables.

P C Grabiner1, S T Biswas, M D Grabiner

  • 1Clinical Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|March 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Older adults exhibit greater stride width variability during walking compared to younger adults. Other gait variables, such as stride length and time variability, are not significantly affected by age, walking speed, or cognitive load.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Gerontology
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Gait variability is a complex measure influenced by various factors.
  • Previous research suggests age impacts spatial and temporal gait parameters.
  • Understanding age-related gait changes is crucial for fall prevention and mobility assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of aging on spatial and temporal gait variables.
  • To examine how walking velocity, shoe condition, and an attention-splitting task influence gait variability in different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental design involving two studies with healthy young and older adults.
  • Gait analysis using an instrumented walkway to quantify temporal and spatial gait variables.

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  • Independent variables included walking velocity, stride length, stride width, and stride time variability.

    • Main Results:

    • Older adults demonstrated significantly increased stride width variability compared to younger adults in both experiments.
    • No systematic or significant age-related differences were observed in other gait variables, including stride length, stride time, and walking velocity variability.
    • The gait variables were largely insensitive to walking speed, shoe condition, and the attention-splitting task.

    Conclusions:

    • Stride width variability is a key gait parameter affected by aging.
    • Most other investigated gait variability measures remain consistent across different walking conditions and cognitive loads in healthy older adults.
    • These findings contribute to a better understanding of age-related gait characteristics and inform future research on gait variability.