Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 18, 2026

High-resolution Confocal Imaging of the Blood-brain Barrier: Imaging, 3D Reconstruction, and Quantification of Transcytosis
10:30

High-resolution Confocal Imaging of the Blood-brain Barrier: Imaging, 3D Reconstruction, and Quantification of Transcytosis

Published on: November 16, 2017

Mediated efflux of IgG molecules from brain to blood across the blood-brain barrier

Y Zhang1, W M Pardridge

  • 1Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1682, USA.

Journal of Neuroimmunology
|March 10, 2001
PubMed

Dextrans and albumin exit brain from blood following intra-cerebral injection by a slow process of convection with a halftime of 10-12 h in the rat. The present studies show that immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules rapidly efflux from brain to blood across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) following intracerebral injection. The IgG efflux is rapid with a halftime of 48 min in the rat. The efflux of [3H]mouse IgG(2a) from brain to blood is competitively inhibited by intracerebral injection of unlabeled mouse IgG molecules, but is not inhibited by intracerebral injection of comparable doses of unlabeled rat albumin. The IgG efflux system has characteristics of an Fc receptor, as the efflux from brain is competitively inhibited by Fc fragments but is not blocked by F(ab')(2) fragments. Precipitation of brain homogenate by trichloroacetic acid indicates there is no significant metabolism of the IgG molecules during the experimental time period. In conclusion, these studies provide evidence for a BBB Fc receptor that mediates the reverse transcytosis of IgG molecules in the direction of brain to blood.

More Related Videos

An In Vivo Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Assay in Mice Using Fluorescently Labeled Tracers09:35

An In Vivo Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Assay in Mice Using Fluorescently Labeled Tracers

Published on: February 26, 2018

Visualizing Impairment of the Endothelial and Glial Barriers of the Neurovascular Unit during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis In Vivo10:50

Visualizing Impairment of the Endothelial and Glial Barriers of the Neurovascular Unit during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis In Vivo

Published on: March 26, 2019

Related Concept Videos

The Blood-brain Barrier00:49

The Blood-brain Barrier

Overview
Transcytosis of IgG01:15

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
Physiological Barriers01:25

Physiological Barriers

Physiological barriers are semi-permeable cellular structures restricting drug diffusion into intracellular compartments and tissues. There are six types of physiological barriers: blood endothelial, cell membrane, blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood-placenta, and blood-testis barriers.
The blood endothelial barrier is the most porous of these. It allows all small ionized, un-ionized, and lipophilic molecules to pass through the endothelial lining into the interstitial space...
Gut-Brain Axis01:22

Gut-Brain Axis

The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such as...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...