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Association between bcl-x(L) and 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) levels in IL-3-dependent FL5.12 cells
S S Biswal1, K Datta, J P Kehrer
1Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas, Austin TX 78712-1074, USA.
Abstract:
The expression of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) in murine hematopoietic FL5.12 cells that are transfected to overexpress bcl-x(L) is less than in control cells. In addition, the withdrawal of IL-3 from the bcl-x(L) overexpressing cells, but not control cells, leads to the rapid loss of FLAP even though these cells, in contrast to control cells, do not undergo apoptosis (Datta et al., J. Biol. Chem. 273, 28163-28169 [1998]). The mechanism(s) underlying these observations is not known. Basal FLAP mRNA levels were actually 2.8-fold higher in bcl-x(L) than control cells indicating that this difference does not have a transcription basis. In addition, an examination of FLAP mRNA levels in response to withdrawal of IL-3 revealed a 2-3-fold increase after 4 and 8 h relative to time-matched samples in both control and bcl-x(L) overexpressing cells. This further indicates that the decrease in FLAP levels in bcl-x(L) overexpressing cells is not related to transcription and suggests an attempt at compensation perhaps in response to increased FLAP degradation/turnover. A proteolytic mechanism was explored by examining the effect of the general caspase inhibitor Boc-D-FMK, and the non-caspase protease inhibitors phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), pepstatin and leupeptin, on the loss of FLAP in bcl-x(L) overexpressing cells subsequent to IL-3 withdrawal. All inhibitors provided some protection from the loss of FLAP, with PMSF being the most effective, actually increasing FLAP levels above those seen in untreated cells. Given the absence of apoptosis in bcl-x(L) cells, it appears that protease activation is an effect that can accompany a variety of cellular perturbations. The functional consequences of a loss of FLAP in growth-factor deprived cells overexpressing bcl-x(L) is not known. However, these data continue to suggest some link between bcl-x(L) and FLAP.
Insights
Overexpression of bcl-x(L) reduces 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) levels in cells lacking apoptosis. Protease inhibitors partially prevent FLAP loss, suggesting a link between bcl-x(L) and FLAP regulation.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- The expression of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) is altered in cells overexpressing bcl-x(L).
- IL-3 withdrawal causes FLAP loss in bcl-x(L) overexpressing cells, but not apoptosis.
- The mechanisms behind FLAP regulation by bcl-x(L) are not understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mechanism of FLAP regulation in bcl-x(L) overexpressing cells.
- To determine if FLAP loss is transcriptionally regulated.
- To explore the role of proteolysis in FLAP degradation.
Main Methods:
- Comparing FLAP expression in bcl-x(L) overexpressing cells versus control cells.
- Analyzing FLAP mRNA levels after IL-3 withdrawal.
- Assessing the effect of protease inhibitors (Boc-D-FMK, PMSF, pepstatin, leupeptin) on FLAP levels.
Main Results:
- Basal FLAP mRNA levels were higher in bcl-x(L) cells, indicating a post-transcriptional regulation.
- IL-3 withdrawal increased FLAP mRNA in both cell types, suggesting FLAP loss is not transcription-dependent.
- Protease inhibitors, particularly PMSF, protected FLAP from degradation, implying a proteolytic mechanism.
Conclusions:
- FLAP regulation by bcl-x(L) involves post-transcriptional mechanisms, likely proteolysis.
- Protease activation can occur independently of apoptosis.
- A connection between bcl-x(L) and FLAP expression is suggested.

