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Additional Routes of Drug Administration

Additional Routes of Drug Administration

Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
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Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
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COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...

Inhaled Medications

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Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...

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Disposable Dosators for Pulmonary Insufflation of Therapeutic Agents to Small Animals

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Development of inhalational agents for oncologic use.

S Sharma, D White, A R Imondi

Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

|March 17, 2001

Summary

Inhaled chemotherapy offers a promising approach for lung cancer treatment, enabling higher drug concentrations in the lungs with lower overall doses. This method minimizes systemic toxicity, enhancing patient outcomes and treatment efficacy.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Pharmacology
Respiratory Medicine

Background:

Regional chemotherapy is effective for various cancers.
Inhalational drug delivery presents an attractive strategy for lung cancer treatment.
This approach allows for higher local drug concentrations and lower systemic doses.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the rationale, technical aspects, and clinical evidence for inhalational chemotherapy in lung cancer.
To discuss the challenges, limitations, and future potential of this drug delivery method.

Main Methods:

Review of preclinical and clinical studies on inhalational chemotherapy.
Analysis of technical advancements in drug delivery systems for the respiratory tract.

Main Results:

Inhalational chemotherapy has demonstrated activity in preclinical and clinical settings.
Technical improvements facilitate the conduct of trials for inhalational agents.
Higher local drug exposure is achievable with reduced systemic toxicity.

Conclusions:

Inhalational chemotherapy is a viable and promising strategy for treating lung cancers.
Further research and technical development hold significant potential for this delivery route.