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Interneurons unbound.

C J McBain1, A Fisahn

  • 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurophysiology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Room 5A72, Building 49, 49 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4495, USA. chrismcb@codon.nih.gov

Nature Reviews. Neuroscience
|March 20, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Inhibitory interneurons in the brain do more than just inhibit; they actively control network rhythms. This review highlights their complex role in regulating neural activity beyond simple inhibition.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • Local-circuit, gamma-aminobutyric acid-releasing inhibitory interneurons traditionally regulate principal neuron activity.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a more dynamic role for these interneurons in neural networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recently described properties of inhibitory interneurons.
  • To outline emerging principles of interneuron function.
  • To illustrate the complex role of interneurons beyond inhibition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on inhibitory interneurons.
  • Analysis of intrinsic voltage-gated currents and network connectivity.
  • Synthesis of findings to redefine interneuron function.

Main Results:

  • Inhibitory interneurons possess finely tuned network connectivity and intrinsic properties.
  • These properties enable interneurons to generate and control rhythmic network output.
  • Interneurons regulate populations of both principal cells and other interneurons.

Conclusions:

  • Inhibitory interneurons play a crucial role in orchestrating neural rhythms.
  • Their function extends beyond simple inhibition to active network control.
  • Interneurons are key regulators of complex brain circuit dynamics.

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