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Hairy cell leukemia-variant.

I H Al-Sheikh1, M I Quadri

  • 1Pathology Department, King Faisal University, PO Box 30500, Al Khobar 31952, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Medical Journal
|March 20, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Hairy cell leukaemia variant, a rare lymphoid disorder, was diagnosed for the first time in Saudi Arabia. This case highlights the disease presentation and diagnostic findings in an elderly male patient.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Hairy cell leukaemia variant (HCL-V) is an exceedingly rare chronic lymphoproliferative neoplasm.
  • It shares similarities with the more common Hairy cell leukaemia (HCL).

Observation:

  • An elderly Saudi male presented with significant pallor, massive splenomegaly, and moderate hepatomegaly.
  • Laboratory results revealed severe anemia (Hemoglobin 7.7 g/dl), thrombocytopenia (Platelets 134 x10^9/l), and marked leukocytosis (WBC 140x10^9/l).
  • Peripheral blood exhibited 97% abnormal lymphoid cells with characteristic cytoplasmic projections.

Findings:

  • Morphological, cytochemical, and immunophenotypic analyses of the abnormal lymphoid cells were classical for Hairy cell leukaemia variant.
  • Bone marrow aspiration was uncomplicated, and the findings were consistent with the diagnosis of HCL-V.

Implications:

  • This report represents the first documented case of Hairy cell leukaemia variant in Saudi Arabia.
  • It underscores the importance of recognizing the clinical and hematological features of HCL-V for accurate diagnosis.
  • The case contributes to the understanding of the geographical distribution and presentation of this rare leukemia.

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