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Refractive errors and strabismus in premature Asian infants with and without retinopathy of prematurity

J T Theng1, T Y Wong, Y Ling

  • 1Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore 168751.

Singapore Medical Journal
|March 21, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Premature infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) show higher rates of myopia and strabismus. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing these ocular complications in high-risk infants.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant concern in premature infants.
  • Previous studies in Caucasian populations suggest a link between ROP and later refractive errors and strabismus.
  • The prevalence of these complications in Asian premature infants requires specific investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of refractive errors and strabismus in Asian premature infants.
  • To compare complication rates between premature infants with and without ROP.
  • To assess the long-term ocular outcomes up to three years of age.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case review of premature infants (<34 weeks gestation, <1500g birth weight) from 1991-1993.
  • Standardized ophthalmology examinations including cycloplegic refraction and fundus examination.
  • Follow-up assessments conducted until three years of age to monitor ROP, refractive errors, and strabismus.

Main Results:

  • 16.2% of 113 reviewed neonates developed ROP, with higher risk associated with lower birth weight and earlier gestational age.
  • At 1-year follow-up, myopia rates were significantly higher in the ROP group (33.3%) compared to the no-ROP group (3.7%).
  • Strabismus rates were higher at 1 year in the ROP group (20%) versus no-ROP (4.9%), though not significant at later follow-ups.

Conclusions:

  • Premature infants with ROP exhibit increased rates of myopia and, initially, strabismus.
  • Long-term ophthalmological follow-up is essential for timely diagnosis and management of ocular issues in these infants.
  • Findings highlight the importance of ROP screening and management in Asian premature populations.
Abstract

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