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An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment
Published on: July 28, 2012
Current bladder tumor tests: does their projected utility fulfill clinical necessity?
1Department of Urology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
The Journal of Urology
|March 21, 2001
Summary
Currently available noninvasive bladder cancer tests show promise for early detection and recurrence monitoring. While not replacing cystoscopy, some diagnostic markers may become crucial tools for bladder cancer management.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Oncology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Noninvasive tests for bladder cancer are crucial for early detection of high-grade tumors and monitoring recurrence.
- An ideal noninvasive test requires high sensitivity, specificity, speed, simplicity, and low variability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing noninvasive bladder cancer tests.
- To evaluate their clinical utility against established diagnostic expectations.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of commercially available and clinically useful bladder cancer tests.
- Comparison of test performance with standard diagnostic methods.
Main Results:
- Urine cytology has high specificity but low sensitivity; Hemastix is sensitive but not specific.
- FDA-approved tests like BTA Stat, BTA TRAK, and NMP22 show variable sensitivity and specificity.
- Emerging tests like TRAP assay and HA-HAase test demonstrate higher sensitivity and specificity.
- Quanticyt karyometry and Immunocyt offer alternative approaches to bladder cancer detection.
Conclusions:
- Current noninvasive tests do not replace cystoscopy but show clinical promise.
- A combination of tests/markers could become a standard for bladder cancer diagnosis, pending clinical acceptance.
