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Vision

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

What is Natural Selection?

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Color Vision

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2026

Determination of Photoreceptor Cell Spectral Sensitivity in an Insect Model from In Vivo Intracellular Recordings

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Published on: February 26, 2016

The unique green phenomenon and colour vision.

Clinical Genetics

|April 1, 1975

Summary

The Unique Green color vision trait is inherited via the X chromosome. This study confirms this using a novel spectrometer technique and links the trait to specific spectral points and potential visual pigment characteristics.

Area of Science:

Vision Science
Genetics
Ophthalmology

Background:

The Unique Green phenomenon is a rare color vision anomaly.
Its genetic basis and precise spectral location have been debated.
Understanding its inheritance is crucial for color vision research.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the mode of inheritance of the Unique Green phenomenon.
To precisely locate the Unique Green point within the visible spectrum.
To correlate this finding with existing color vision testing methods.

Main Methods:

A novel spectrometer technique was developed to generate precise spectral stimuli.
This technique allowed for detailed comparison of the Unique Green point with adjacent spectral regions.

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Waaler's single-field techniques and the Pickford-Nicolson Anomaloscope were employed.

Main Results:

The study confirmed that the Unique Green phenomenon is inherited via the X chromosome.
The Unique Green point was precisely located in the spectrum, correlating with the blue-yellow axis on the anomaloscope.
A correlation was found between the Unique Green point and the mid-matching point on the Pickford Nicolson Anomaloscope.

Conclusions:

The Unique Green phenomenon is X-linked, supporting previous hypotheses.
The findings suggest the involvement of a highly photolabile visual pigment with peak absorption in the yellow region of the spectrum.
This research refines our understanding of color vision genetics and spectral sensitivity.