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Some issues relevant to establishing a universal newborn hearing screening program.

M P Gorga1, K Preissler, J Simmons

  • 1Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA.

Journal of the American Academy of Audiology
|March 23, 2001
PubMed
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Establishing a universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) program is cost-effective. Screening newborns using otoacoustic emissions (OAE) followed by auditory brainstem response (ABR) for infants who fail OAE testing is the most economical approach.

Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Public Health
  • Healthcare Economics

Background:

  • Universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) programs aim to identify hearing loss early.
  • Accurate estimation of test sensitivity and specificity is crucial for program effectiveness.
  • Programmatic costs encompass equipment, disposables, personnel, and follow-up testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the cost-effectiveness of different UNHS protocols.
  • To determine the financial feasibility of implementing UNHS programs in hospitals of varying sizes.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative cost analysis of three screening protocols: auditory brainstem response (ABR) alone, otoacoustic emission (OAE) alone, and a combined OAE/ABR approach.
  • Estimation of costs based on the number of births per year and inclusion of follow-up testing.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of data from a local UNHS program.

    • Main Results:

    • Otoacoustic emissions (OAE) screening alone is less expensive if follow-up costs are excluded.
    • When follow-up is included, the OAE followed by ABR protocol is most cost-effective for programs with at least 400 births annually.
    • Per-baby costs are estimated to be under $30, decreasing with increased screening volume.

    Conclusions:

    • Universal newborn hearing screening can be implemented cost-effectively.
    • The combined OAE/ABR protocol offers the lowest cost for programs screening 400 or more infants annually.
    • Even with unique program features like audiologist-led screening, costs remain below $30 per infant.