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Implanon: a critical review.

J Le1, C Tsourounis

  • 1School of Pharmacy, University of California at San Francisco, 94143-0622, USA.

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|March 23, 2001
PubMed
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Implanon, a long-acting contraceptive implant, offers effective birth control for three years with minimal side effects. Fertility quickly returns after removal, making it a convenient long-term contraception option.

Area of Science:

  • Contraception and Family Planning
  • Reproductive Health
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Implanon is a novel single-rod contraceptive implant utilizing desogestrel.
  • It is designed for long-term, reversible contraception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the clinical efficacy of Implanon as a long-term contraceptive method.
  • To review the safety and adverse effect profile of Implanon.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive MEDLINE search (1966-1999) identified relevant human studies.
  • Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and clinical trial data on desogestrel implants were reviewed.

Main Results:

  • Implanon inhibits ovulation within 24 hours, providing three years of effective contraception.

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  • Fertility resumes within one month post-removal; insertion/removal procedures are simple with minor complications.
  • Common adverse effects include abnormal bleeding, weight gain, acne, breast pain, and headache.
  • Conclusions:

    • Implanon demonstrates high efficacy for long-term contraception with a favorable safety profile.
    • It represents a valuable addition to existing contraceptive choices.