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Identifying bone mass and muscular changes.

B Humphries1, K Mummery, R U Newton

  • 1School of Health and Human Performance, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia. b.humphries@cqu.edu.au

Administrative Radiology Journal : AR
|March 27, 2001
PubMed
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High-intensity strength training significantly boosted trunk and lower limb strength in women over 50. Lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) effects were inconclusive, though the control group showed a slight decrease.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Bone Health

Background:

  • Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are significant health concerns for women over 50.
  • Maintaining muscle strength and bone density is crucial for functional independence in older adults.
  • The efficacy of high-intensity strength training on bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle strength in this demographic requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the six-month impact of high-intensity strength training on lumbar BMD, trunk, and lower limb strength.
  • To compare outcomes between a strength training group and an active control group in Australian women aged 50+.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-four women aged 50+ were randomized into strength training (n=19) or active control (n=25) groups.
  • Both groups trained twice weekly for 50 minutes; strength group progressed from 60% to 90% of one repetition maximum (1RM), control group engaged in walking.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurements included lumbar (L2-L4) BMD scans, peak isokinetic trunk strength, and dynamic 1RM squat strength.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant difference in lumbar BMD between groups post-intervention.
    • The active control group experienced a significant 1.7% decrease in lumbar BMD from baseline (p < 0.05).
    • The strength training group showed significant increases in peak isokinetic trunk strength (19.3%) and 1RM squat strength (34.4%) compared to controls (p < 0.05).

    Conclusions:

    • High-intensity strength training is effective for enhancing trunk and lower limb strength in women over 50.
    • The study did not provide conclusive evidence regarding the impact of this strength training program on lumbar BMD.
    • Further research is warranted to explore the long-term effects and optimal protocols for strength training on bone health in older women.