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Related Experiment Videos

Taking the "ouch" out of injections for children. Using distraction to decrease pain.

L Sparks1

  • 1Jewish Hospital College of Nursing and Allied Health, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. las0880@bjcmail.carenet.org

MCN. the American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing
|March 27, 2001
PubMed
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Distraction techniques like touch and bubble-blowing effectively reduce injection pain in preschool children. These simple nursing interventions help manage pain during immunizations.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nursing
  • Pain Management
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Pediatric immunizations are a common source of acute pain and distress for young children.
  • Effective pain management strategies are crucial for positive healthcare experiences and adherence to vaccination schedules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of two distraction methods (touch and bubble-blowing) against standard care in reducing injection pain among preschool children.
  • To examine the influence of age, gender, and medical fear on pain perception during injections.

Main Methods:

  • A quasi-experimental study involving 105 children aged 4-6 years undergoing Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTP) immunizations.
  • Children were randomly assigned to receive touch distraction, bubble-blowing distraction, or standard care during their injection.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Pain was measured using the Oucher Scale, and medical fear was assessed with the Child Medical Fear Scale.

    • Main Results:

    • Both touch and bubble-blowing distraction significantly reduced perceived injection pain compared to standard care.
    • No significant interaction effects were found for age or gender on the effectiveness of the distraction methods.
    • Medical fear was a significant covariate, but distraction remained effective even when fear levels varied.

    Conclusions:

    • Distraction techniques, specifically touch and bubble-blowing, are practical and effective nursing interventions for managing injection pain in young children.
    • These methods offer a simple, non-pharmacological approach to improve coping during common, painful pediatric procedures like immunizations.