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The grading of hallux valgus. The Manchester Scale
A P Garrow1, A Papageorgiou, A J Silman
1Diabetes Foot Clinic, Disablement Services Centre, Withington Hospital, Cavendish Rd, Manchester M20 8LB, England.
Abstract:
This article describes a new, noninvasive method of assessing the severity of hallux valgus deformity by means of a set of standardized photographs. Six podiatrists were independently asked to grade the level of deformity of 13 subjects (26 feet) on a scale of 1 (no deformity) to 4 (severe deformity). The reliability of the four-point scale for the severity of hallux valgus was investigated by means of kappa-type statistics for more than two raters. The results showed that the grading method had excellent interobserver repeatability with a combined kappa-type statistic of 0.86, making it a suitable instrument for clinical and research purposes.
