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Related Experiment Videos

Nitrofurantoin and congenital abnormalities.

A E Czeizel1, M Rockenbauer, H T Sørensen

  • 1Department of Human Genetics and Teratology, Foundation for the Community Control of Hereditary Diseases, National Centre for Epidemiology, Torokvesz Lejto 32, 1026, Budapest, Hungary. czeizel@interware.hu

European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology
|March 27, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Oral nitrofurantoin treatment during pregnancy shows no detectable teratogenic risk to the fetus. This study found no evidence of birth defects linked to nitrofurantoin use in pregnant women.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pharmacology
  • Teratology

Background:

  • Congenital abnormalities are a significant concern during pregnancy.
  • Understanding medication safety in pregnancy is crucial for clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential teratogenic effects of oral nitrofurantoin during pregnancy.
  • To assess the safety of nitrofurantoin for fetal development.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based case-control study was conducted using data from the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities (1980-1996).
  • Pair analysis compared pregnant women with and without congenital abnormalities, including those with Down's syndrome, to matched population controls.
  • Data included 38,151 controls, 22,865 cases with abnormalities, and 812 cases with Down's syndrome.

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Main Results:

  • Nitrofurantoin use was reported in 3.4% of controls, 2.8% of cases with congenital abnormalities, and 2.8% of Down's syndrome cases.
  • Observed differences in nitrofurantoin use between groups may be attributed to recall bias.
  • Case-control pair analysis did not reveal teratogenic potential during the critical second and third months of gestation.

Conclusions:

  • Oral nitrofurantoin treatment during pregnancy does not appear to pose a detectable teratogenic risk to the fetus.
  • The findings suggest nitrofurantoin is a relatively safe antibiotic option for pregnant individuals, particularly during early gestation.