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Related Experiment Videos

Microsatellite instability in synchronous gastric carcinomas.

H S Lee1, B L Lee, S H Kim

  • 1Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

International Journal of Cancer
|March 27, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Mismatch repair defects are linked to a subset of synchronous gastric carcinomas, particularly those associated with gastric adenomas. This suggests a genetic predisposition in some multiple gastric cancer cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Synchronous gastric carcinomas occur in 4-10% of all gastric cancer cases.
  • Tumor multiplicity is often linked to genetic predisposition.
  • The role of mismatch repair errors in synchronous gastric carcinomas requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of mismatch repair errors in synchronous gastric carcinomas.
  • To compare microsatellite instability (MSI) status in synchronous and solitary gastric carcinomas.
  • To analyze differences between synchronous gastric carcinomas associated with gastric adenomas (Type I) and those not associated (Type II).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of microsatellite instability (MSI) status in 101 cancers from 48 gastrectomy specimens.

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  • Comparison of MSI status with 149 solitary gastric carcinomas.
  • Assessment of frameshift mutation rates in TGF-betaRII, BAX, and hMSH3 genes.

    • Main Results:

    • Multiple synchronous gastric carcinomas showed characteristics of older age, male predominance, early stage, and lower lymph node metastasis.
    • MSI-positive (MSI+) rates were 50% in Type I and 8.4% in Type II synchronous gastric carcinomas (p < 0.001).
    • MSI+ rate in solitary gastric carcinomas was 9.4%.
    • Higher frameshift mutation rates in TGF-betaRII, BAX, and hMSH3 genes were observed in Type I synchronous carcinomas compared to Type II.

    Conclusions:

    • A defect in the mismatch repair system may contribute to the carcinogenesis of a minor subset of multiple gastric carcinomas.
    • Gastric adenoma association (Type I) is a significant factor in the high MSI rates observed in synchronous gastric carcinomas.
    • These findings highlight the potential role of genetic predisposition and DNA mismatch repair in specific types of gastric cancer development.