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Lymphocytic hypophysitis in a man presenting with hypercalcemia.

L Novoa-Takara1, M Cornford, C Williams

  • 1Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
|March 28, 2001
PubMed
Summary

This study reports a rare case of lymphocytic hypophysitis in a male patient presenting with hypercalcemia, a condition typically seen in women. The autopsy revealed reduced corticotropin-producing cells, explaining the hormonal imbalances.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neurology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Lymphocytic hypophysitis is a rare inflammatory condition affecting the pituitary gland, more commonly diagnosed in women.
  • Pituitary dysfunction can lead to various hormonal imbalances and systemic complications.

Observation:

  • A 59-year-old male with type 2 diabetes presented with fatigue, confusion, and weight loss.
  • Initial findings included hypercalcemia, hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, and hypotension.
  • Subnormal cortisol levels confirmed adrenal insufficiency, indicated by a blunted response to corticotropin stimulation.

Findings:

  • Autopsy revealed lymphocytic hypophysitis with a significant reduction in corticotropin-producing anterior pituitary cells.
  • No evidence of malignancy was found.

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  • This case represents the first documented instance of hypercalcemia caused by lymphocytic hypophysitis in a male patient.

    • Implications:

    • Highlights the importance of considering pituitary inflammation in patients with unexplained hormonal abnormalities and hypercalcemia, regardless of sex.
    • Underscores the potential for lymphocytic hypophysitis to manifest with unusual clinical presentations, including hypercalcemia in males.
    • Contributes to the understanding of rare endocrine disorders and their diverse clinical spectrum.