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Obesity and autonomic function in adolescence.

P Riva1, G Martini, F Rabbia

  • 1Department of Medicine and Experimental Oncology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy.

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993)
|March 29, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Obese adolescents show increased sympathetic and reduced vagal tone, suggesting autonomic nervous system changes. Further research is needed to determine if treating childhood obesity prevents adult hypertension and autonomic imbalance.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Autonomic Neuroscience

Background:

  • Obesity and hypertension in childhood are linked to adult cardiovascular disease.
  • Obesity causes significant hemodynamic and metabolic changes.
  • The role of the sympathetic nervous system in obesity-related cardiac dysfunction is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sympathetic nervous system control on cardiac function in obese adolescents.
  • To explore the relationship between obesity duration and autonomic nervous system alterations.
  • To assess the potential of adolescent obesity treatment in preventing future cardiovascular risks.

Main Methods:

  • Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability was employed.
  • A sample of obese adolescents was studied.

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  • Hemodynamic and metabolic states were assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Obese adolescents exhibited heightened sympathetic tone.
    • A concurrent reduction in vagal tone was observed.
    • These findings suggest an autonomic imbalance in obese youth.

    Conclusions:

    • Autonomic nervous system changes in obesity may be linked to the duration of the condition.
    • Adolescent obesity is associated with altered cardiac autonomic control.
    • The long-term impact of adolescent obesity treatment on autonomic function and hypertension requires further investigation.