Endoscopic surgery of the third ventricle: the subfrontal trans-lamina terminalis approach

The authors describe an endoscopic approach to the anterior aspect of the third ventricle and demonstrate its use in the cadaver. This technique consists of a small supraorbital craniotomy and a subfrontal trans-lamina terminalis approach to the third ventricle. It may be helpful in the management of refractory third ventricular lesions that cannot be easily accessed endoscopically through the foramina of Monro.