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Related Experiment Videos

Megalin in thyroid physiology and pathology.

M Marinò1, A Pinchera, R T McCluskey

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, University of Pisa, Italy. m.marino@endoc.med.unipi.it

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|March 29, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid epithelial cells use megalin to internalize thyroglobulin (Tg) for hormone release. This process, distinct from lysosomal degradation, releases a megalin fragment into circulation, potentially aiding thyroid disease diagnosis.

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Foreword.

Journal of endocrinological investigation·2012

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Megalin, a low-density lipoprotein receptor, is expressed on thyroid epithelial cells.
  • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) regulates megalin expression in thyroid cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of megalin in thyroglobulin (Tg) uptake and processing by thyroid cells.
  • To explore the potential of megalin fragments in diagnosing thyroid diseases.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo and in vitro studies using cultured thyroid cells.
  • Analysis of Tg binding affinity and internalization pathways mediated by megalin.
  • Detection of megalin fragments in circulation.

Main Results:

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  • Megalin mediates high-affinity uptake of Tg by thyrocytes, facilitating transcytosis to the bloodstream.
  • Internalized Tg via megalin bypasses lysosomal degradation, offering an alternative to hormone release pathways.
  • A portion of megalin (secretory component) circulates with Tg, serving as a potential biomarker.

    • Conclusions:

    • Megalin plays a crucial role in Tg transport and processing in thyroid epithelial cells.
    • The megalin-Tg complex in circulation may be a valuable diagnostic tool for thyroid disorders.
    • Further research is needed to establish megalin's role in autoimmune thyroiditis and other thyroid diseases.