Objectivity in psychosocial measurement: what, why, how.

Area of Science:

• Psychosocial Measurement
• Philosophy of Science
• Scientific Methodology

Background:

• Objectivity is a cornerstone of scientific measurement, ensuring reliability and validity.
• Defining and achieving objectivity in psychosocial sciences presents unique challenges compared to physical sciences.
• Existing frameworks often focus on methodological aspects, neglecting the social dimensions of measurement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To define objectivity in psychosocial measurement.
• To elucidate the importance of objectivity for distinguishing concepts and fostering shared meaning.
• To propose a framework for achieving full objectivity by integrating methodological and social aspects.

Main Methods:

• Conceptual analysis drawing from Socratic maiuetics.
• Examination of paradigmatic objective entities in physical sciences (meter, gram, volt, liter).
• Adaptation of the ASTM Standard Practice for Interlaboratory Studies for psychosocial contexts.

Main Results:

• Objectivity is characterized by the separation of meaning from its carrier, enabling abstract entities.
• Objectivity is essential for meaningful distinction of concepts and the possibility of shared meaning.
• Full objectivity necessitates attention to both methodological (e.g., Rasch models) and social aspects.

Conclusions:

• Achieving full objectivity in psychosocial measurement requires a dual approach.
• Integrating methodological rigor with social considerations is key to robust psychosocial measurement.
• The proposed framework, adapted from ASTM standards, offers a path toward enhanced objectivity.