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Related Experiment Videos

Bovine pericardium used as a cardiovascular patch.

A C Pires1, W F Saporito, S H Cardoso

  • 1Paulista Medical School, São Paulo Federal University and ABC Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

The Heart Surgery Forum
|March 29, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Glutaraldehyde-preserved bovine pericardial patches show varying tissue integration and structural changes based on location and implant duration. Factors like surface contact, tension, and blood flow influence their fate in cardiovascular applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Glutaraldehyde-preserved bovine pericardium is a common material for valvular prostheses.
  • Its clinical use as patch material is established, but detailed studies on its behavior are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the histological and macroscopic fate of bovine pericardial patches used in cardiovascular repair.
  • To evaluate the influence of implant site and duration on patch integration and structural integrity.

Main Methods:

  • 21 dogs received bovine pericardial patches for partial replacement of aortic, left atrial, or pericardial walls.
  • Dogs were divided into three groups based on implant duration: 33-43 days, 120-165 days, and 225-305 days.
  • Surgical reoperation and microscopic/macroscopic evaluations were performed.

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Main Results:

  • Patches adhered to surrounding tissues at wrinkled surfaces but not smooth surfaces.
  • No structural changes were observed in the pericardial patch material itself.
  • Left atrial patches significantly decreased in size and thinned over time compared to aortic and pericardial patches.
  • Fibrous connective tissue formed on smooth surfaces, with thicker layers and calcification observed in atrial and aortic patches.
  • Neoformation of elastic fibers increased with implant duration in atrial and aortic patches.

Conclusions:

  • The integration and long-term behavior of bovine pericardial patches are influenced by surface characteristics and mechanical forces.
  • Contact surface, tension, and blood flow are critical determinants of patch performance in cardiovascular applications.