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Updated: Jul 27, 2026

Investigating the Effects of Antipsychotics and Schizotypy on the N400 Using Event-Related Potentials and Semantic Categorization
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Stroop interference and facilitation effects in first-episode schizophrenic patients.

E Y Chen1, A W Wong, R Y Chen

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. eyhchen@hku.hk

Schizophrenia Research
|March 30, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients show normal Stroop interference. Early antipsychotic medication may acutely increase Stroop facilitation, which normalizes with sustained treatment, suggesting medication effects in early schizophrenia.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Selective attention studies in schizophrenia using the Stroop test have produced conflicting results.
  • Previous research was limited by small sample sizes and the inclusion of medicated chronic patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate Stroop interference and facilitation effects in a large sample of first-episode schizophrenia patients.
  • To examine these effects in medication-naïve patients and longitudinally.
  • To clarify the impact of medication on cognitive performance in early schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed Stroop interference and facilitation in 56 first-episode schizophrenia patients (30 medication-naïve).
  • Conducted longitudinal follow-up assessments during clinical stability and post-recovery.
  • Compared patient performance to normative data (implied).

Main Results:

  • No increased Stroop interference was observed in first-episode schizophrenia patients, regardless of medication status.
  • Stroop interference remained stable throughout the follow-up period.
  • An increased Stroop facilitation effect was noted in medicated patients early in treatment, normalizing with sustained treatment.

Conclusions:

  • First-episode schizophrenia is characterized by a normal Stroop interference effect.
  • The transient increase in facilitation may be an acute effect of antipsychotic medication.
  • Further research is needed to understand the nature and significance of medication-induced facilitation effects.