Dissimilar metals in a rib spreader a surgical electrical hazard

Area of Science:

• Medical Devices
• Electrochemistry
• Surgical Complications

Background:

• The use of surgical instruments made of dissimilar metals can lead to unintended electrochemical reactions.
• Patient safety during surgical procedures is paramount, requiring careful consideration of all potential complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a case of a surgical battery formation.
• To discuss the underlying electrochemical principles.
• To advise on the safe use of surgical instruments.

Main Methods:

• Case report detailing a patient undergoing transthoracic cervical sympathectomy and first rib resection.
• Analysis of the electrochemical battery formed between the Finochietto rib spreader and other surgical components.
• Review of electrochemical theory relevant to the observed phenomenon.

Main Results:

• A battery was unexpectedly produced between two dissimilar metals within the Finochietto rib spreader during surgery.
• The electrochemical reaction occurred within the thoracic cavity of the patient.

Conclusions:

• The use of dissimilar metals in surgical instruments, such as the Finochietto rib spreader, can create an unintended battery.
• Clinicians should exercise caution and be aware of potential electrochemical risks when using instruments composed of different metals in patients.