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[Transitional pre-B-cell ALL].

C Yun1, A Kamitamari, M Okada

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Nagasaki University School of Medicine.

[Rinsho Ketsueki] the Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology
|April 3, 2001
PubMed
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This study reports a rare case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in an infant, specifically transitional pre-B-cell ALL (TPB-ALL). Accurate immunophenotypic diagnosis is crucial for managing this infrequent leukemia subtype.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a significant pediatric malignancy.
  • Transitional pre-B-cell ALL (TPB-ALL) is an uncommon subtype with uncertain incidence and clinical presentation.
  • Early diagnosis and effective management are critical for improving outcomes in pediatric ALL.

Observation:

  • An 18-month-old girl presented with fever and pancytopenia.
  • Bone marrow examination revealed blasts with cleaved nuclei.
  • Leukemic cells were negative for peroxidase, expressed CD10, CD19, CD34, and surface immunoglobulin mu (sIg mu), but lacked sIg kappa and lambda.

Findings:

  • The immunophenotype identified the leukemic cells as transitional pre-B-cells (TPBs).

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  • This diagnosis corresponds to a minor subpopulation of B cells.
  • The case highlights the infrequent occurrence of TPB-ALL.
  • Implications:

    • Extensive immunophenotypic studies are essential for diagnosing rare ALL subtypes like TPB-ALL.
    • Understanding the clinical picture of TPB-ALL is necessary for developing targeted therapies.
    • Accurate diagnosis facilitates effective management and improves patient outcomes.