Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 21, 2026
12:19
Analysis of Cell Cycle Position in Mammalian Cells
Published on: January 21, 2012
[Transitional pre-B-cell ALL]
1Department of Pediatrics, Nagasaki University School of Medicine.
Summary
This study reports a rare case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in an infant, specifically transitional pre-B-cell ALL (TPB-ALL). Accurate immunophenotypic diagnosis is crucial for managing this infrequent leukemia subtype.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a significant pediatric malignancy.
- Transitional pre-B-cell ALL (TPB-ALL) is an uncommon subtype with uncertain incidence and clinical presentation.
- Early diagnosis and effective management are critical for improving outcomes in pediatric ALL.
Observation:
- An 18-month-old girl presented with fever and pancytopenia.
- Bone marrow examination revealed blasts with cleaved nuclei.
- Leukemic cells were negative for peroxidase, expressed CD10, CD19, CD34, and surface immunoglobulin mu (sIg mu), but lacked sIg kappa and lambda.
Findings:
- The immunophenotype identified the leukemic cells as transitional pre-B-cells (TPBs).
- This diagnosis corresponds to a minor subpopulation of B cells.
- The case highlights the infrequent occurrence of TPB-ALL.
Implications:
- Extensive immunophenotypic studies are essential for diagnosing rare ALL subtypes like TPB-ALL.
- Understanding the clinical picture of TPB-ALL is necessary for developing targeted therapies.
- Accurate diagnosis facilitates effective management and improves patient outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
02:15Replicative Cell Senescence
Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
02:07Tumor Progression
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
02:15Replicative Cell Senescence
Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
01:28Forced Transdifferentiation
Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
Artificial transdifferentiation occurs...
Artificial transdifferentiation occurs...
01:24Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
00:57Cellular Differentiation
How does a complex organism such as a human develop from a single cell? It all starts from a single fertilized egg which gives rise to a vast array of cell types, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, and epithelial cells that characterize the adult? Throughout development and adulthood, cellular differentiation leads cells to assume their final morphology and physiology. Differentiation is the process by which unspecialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions.
A zygote is a...
A zygote is a...