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The midstream order deficit.

A O Holcombe1, N Kanwisher, A Treisman

  • 1Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. holcombe@post.harvard.edu

Perception & Psychophysics
|April 3, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Repeated visual sequences hinder order recall, creating a midstream order deficit (MOD). This effect occurs even with clear individual item perception and can be mitigated by a distinct first item, suggesting an attentional cost for initiating order encoding.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Perception & Attention

Background:

  • Auditory sequence order apprehension is impaired by continuous repetition (cycling) compared to single presentation.
  • The midstream order deficit (MOD) phenomenon was previously observed with auditory stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the midstream order deficit (MOD) occurs with visual stimuli.
  • To explore the conditions under which the MOD manifests in visual perception.
  • To differentiate the MOD from other cognitive phenomena affecting sequence perception.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were presented with visual sequences under single-presentation and cycling conditions.
  • Presentation rates varied, including slow rates (e.g., five items per second).
  • A visually distinct first item was manipulated in some trials.

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Main Results:

  • The midstream order deficit (MOD) was observed with visual stimuli, even at slow presentation rates where individual item identification was accurate.
  • The MOD was reduced when the first item of the sequence was visually distinct.
  • The findings ruled out explanations such as masking, attentional blink, repetition blindness, order illusion, memory limitations, or decision criteria.

Conclusions:

  • The midstream order deficit (MOD) is a phenomenon that extends to visual sequence processing.
  • The MOD is not attributable to basic perceptual or memory limitations but likely involves an attentional cost specific to initiating order encoding.
  • Successful order encoding requires attention to be primed or captured by an initial salient event.