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Enhanced expression of fractalkine in HIV-1 associated dementia
C F Pereira1, J Middel, G Jansen
1Neuroimmunology Section, Eijkman-Winkler Institute, University Medical Center, HpG04.614, Heidelberglaan 100, NL-3584 CX, Utrecht, Netherlands. C.F.Pereira@lab.azu.nl
Abstract:
The CX(3)C chemokine fractalkine was found to be up-regulated in the brain during inflammatory processes. In this study, we tried to assess the role of fractalkine in HIV-1-associated dementia. Fractalkine expression is up-regulated in the brains of AIDS patients with HAD. Fractalkine immunoreactivity was mainly detected in astrocytes. In addition, fractalkine expression was found to be up-regulated in cocultures of astrocytes and HIV-infected macrophages. This up-regulation was dependent on cell-cell contact. We propose that fractalkine produced during interactions between astrocytes and HIV-infected macrophages plays a role in HAD by regulating the trafficking of monocytic cells in the brain parenchyma.
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