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Ancient geodynamics and global-scale hydrology on Mars
R J Phillips1, M T Zuber, S C Solomon
1McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 3, 2001
Summary
The Tharsis rise on Mars shaped the planet's gravity and topography, influencing ancient valley networks. Its volcanic activity may have created a warmer climate, allowing for early Martian rivers.
Area of Science:
- Planetary Science
- Geophysics
- Geology
Background:
- The Tharsis rise is a major volcanic province on Mars.
- Its immense load significantly influences Martian global shape and gravity fields.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explain the global shape and gravity anomalies of Mars.
- To understand the influence of the Tharsis rise on Martian topography and climate.
- To investigate the formation of ancient Martian valley networks.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of Mars' global shape and long-wavelength gravity field.
- Geological interpretation of topographic features and gravity anomalies.
- Modeling of volcanic loading and its climatic consequences.
Main Results:
- The Tharsis rise explains negative gravity anomalies and a topographic trough around Tharsis.
- It also accounts for gravity and topographic highs in Arabia Terra and Utopia.
- These features were established by the end of the Noachian Epoch, influencing valley network formation.
- Volcanic outgassing from Tharsis magmas may have supported a warmer climate.
Conclusions:
- The Tharsis rise is a primary driver of Mars' large-scale geological and topographical features.
- Tharsis-induced climate changes likely facilitated the development of early fluvial systems on Mars.
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