Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 12, 2026

Protective Efficacy and Pulmonary Immune Response Following Subcutaneous and Intranasal BCG Administration in Mice
06:32

Protective Efficacy and Pulmonary Immune Response Following Subcutaneous and Intranasal BCG Administration in Mice

Published on: September 19, 2016

Tuberculous meningitis in childhood

A L Smith

    The Medical Journal of Australia
    |January 18, 1975
    PubMed

    Insights

    Tuberculous meningitis treatment in children showed that "triple drug" therapy led to full recovery in 19 patients, but 11 others had permanent disabilities. Early treatment initiation and patient consciousness levels significantly impact outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Neurology

    Background:

    • Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe form of tuberculosis affecting the central nervous system.
    • Historically, TBM has a high mortality and morbidity rate, particularly in children.
    • Advances in antimicrobial therapy have aimed to improve TBM outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the outcomes of tuberculous meningitis cases treated at a major pediatric hospital.
    • To evaluate the effectiveness of "triple drug" antituberculosis therapy for TBM.
    • To identify factors influencing mortality and morbidity in pediatric TBM.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective case series analysis of 43 pediatric patients with TBM.
    • Treatment regimen included "triple drug" antituberculosis therapy.
    • Data collected on patient consciousness levels at therapy initiation and treatment outcomes.

    Main Results:

    • Out of 43 cases, 19 patients achieved full recovery with "triple drug" therapy.
    • Seven patients died, and 11 experienced major permanent sequelae.
    • A significant correlation was observed between the patient's state of consciousness and the final outcome.

    Conclusions:

    • "Triple drug" antituberculosis therapy demonstrated variable efficacy in pediatric TBM.
    • Early intervention and assessment of neurological status are critical for improving TBM prognosis.
    • Strategies to reduce TBM mortality and morbidity require further investigation and implementation.

    More Related Videos

    Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates10:04

    Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

    Published on: September 5, 2017

    Intradermal Inoculation of Mycobacterium avium in the Mouse Ear09:20

    Intradermal Inoculation of Mycobacterium avium in the Mouse Ear

    Published on: July 3, 2025

    Related Concept Videos

    Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

    Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

    Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
    Causative Organism
    The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
    Mode of...
    Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

    Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

    Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
    Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
    Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
    Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

    Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

    Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
    The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
    Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

    Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

    Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
    Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
    Tuberculosis01:23

    Tuberculosis

    Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
    Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

    Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

    Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...