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Estimates of maternal mortality for 1995.

K Hill1, C AbouZhar, T Wardlaw

  • 1Hopkins Population Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore MD 21205-2179, USA.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|April 5, 2001
PubMed
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Maternal mortality estimates for 1995 reveal 515,000 global deaths, with significant regional disparities. The Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMRatio) is challenging to measure precisely, highlighting the need for better reproductive health indicators.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Demography
  • Reproductive Health

Background:

  • Maternal mortality remains a critical global health challenge.
  • Accurate measurement of maternal deaths is essential for effective public health interventions.
  • Previous estimates lacked comparability across diverse data sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide standardized estimates of maternal mortality for 188 countries in 1995.
  • To improve the comparability of maternal mortality data globally.
  • To establish a baseline for maternal mortality rates and identify regional variations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a statistical modeling approach for countries with limited direct data.
  • Estimated the proportion of deaths among women of reproductive age due to maternal causes.

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  • Applied these proportions to total deaths in reproductive-aged women for mortality ratio calculations.

    • Main Results:

    • Estimated 515,000 maternal deaths globally in 1995, with a worldwide Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMRatio) of 397 per 100,000 live births.
    • Significant regional disparities observed: Africa reported over half of all maternal deaths (>1000/100,000), while Europe had 2000 deaths (28/100,000).
    • Wide uncertainty bounds for global and national estimates necessitate cautious interpretation and preclude trend analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • The Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMRatio) is an imprecise indicator of reproductive health due to measurement difficulties.
    • Process indicators are recommended for more reliable cross-country comparisons and monitoring of reproductive health.
    • Focusing on process indicators can enhance the evaluation of reproductive health programs and interventions.